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Shark cartilage is the supportive tissue found in sharks, primarily sourced from species caught in the Pacific Ocean . It gained popularity as a medicinal substance in the 1970s, based on the initial belief that sharks were not susceptible to cancer, suggesting potential preventative benefits for humans . However, this notion has been debunked as sharks can indeed develop cancer, and scientific research has not substantiated the claimed anti-cancer benefits for humans .
Despite its lack of proven cancer-fighting properties, shark cartilage is still used by some for various conditions including psoriasis, osteoarthritis, and other health issues, although there is no robust scientific evidence to support these uses . When taken orally, shark cartilage is possibly safe for up to 40 months, but it may cause side effects such as bad taste, nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, and constipation . It is also suggested to avoid using shark cartilage if pregnant, breastfeeding, or if suffering from autoimmune diseases, as it might exacerbate symptoms .
Shark cartilage is composed mainly of collagen type II and various proteoglycans, and its commercial mass extraction has been discouraged due to overfishing and the resulting decline in shark populations . Alternative sources such as cartilage from skates and rays are being considered due to their commercial fishing and reduced environmental impact .