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Composition:
Key Properties:
Appearance: Typically exists as a clear to pale yellow liquid solution, or can be isolated as white to yellow crystalline solids.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Chemical Behavior: It's a reducing agent and a source of SO2. Solutions are acidic. It can decompose, releasing SO2 gas, especially upon heating or exposure to strong acids.
3. Primary Applications (Uncatalyzed Context):
The uncatalyzed form finds significant use in processes where its inherent reducing power or SO2-scavenging ability is utilized directly:
Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD): Historically and in simpler systems, uncatalyzed ammonium bisulfit solutions are sprayed into flue gases. SO2 reacts directly to form ammonium sulfite/bisulfite, removing the pollutant SO2 from the gas stream. This is a wet scrubbing absorption process.
Oxygen Scavenging: Used in water treatment (e.g., boiler feedwater, oilfield water) to chemically remove dissolved oxygen, preventing corrosion. It reacts directly with O2.
Reducing Agent: Employed in various chemical processes (e.g., pulp & paper bleaching, textile processing, some organic syntheses) where a controlled reducing environment is needed without requiring a catalyst.
SO2 Scavenging/Stabilization: Used to neutralize or "tie up" excess SO2 or chlorine in processes, or to stabilize materials sensitive to oxidation.
4. Significance of "Uncatalyzed":
Emphasizes that the reactions it undergoes (like SO2 absorption or oxygen reduction) proceed based on its inherent chemical reactivity under the given conditions (temperature, concentration, pH), without acceleration or modification by added catalysts.
Often implies simpler process chemistry and potentially lower cost compared to catalyzed alternatives, but may also mean slower reaction kinetics or lower efficiency in some demanding applications.