| Customization: | Available |
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| CAS No.: | 80370-57-6 |
| Formula: | C19h17n5o7s3 |
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Ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that is active against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including β-lactamase-producing strains . It is bactericidal in vitro, resulting from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis .
CCFA is labeled for use in domestic animals such as cows, pigs, and horses. In beef and dairy cattle, it is indicated for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni, as well as for the treatment of bovine interdigital necrobacillosis ("foot rot") associated with Porphyromonas levii and Fusobacterium necrophorum . It can also be used prophylactically against bovine respiratory disease in at-risk nonlactating dairy and beef cattle .
For administration, CCFA is labeled for subcutaneous use in cattle and for intramuscular use in horses and pigs. It is important to confirm needle placement by aspiration prior to injection to avoid intra-arterial injection, which can cause peracute death in cattle due to cerebral arterial emboli . The most common adverse effects reported are local and transient swelling, edema, and soreness at the injection site .
Pharmacokinetically, after administration, ceftiofur is cleaved by enzymes in organ tissue and circulating plasma into less active metabolites, the most prevalent of which is desfuroylceftiofur . Most pharmacokinetic studies of CCFA have measured concentrations of ceftiofur and its active metabolites, known as ceftiofur free acid equivalents (CFAEs), in blood rather than other organ tissues or body compartments .
In terms of dosage, for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease and bovine foot rot, a single subcutaneous injection of 3.0 mg ceftiofur equivalents (CE)/lb (6.6 mg CE/kg) body weight is administered . Each mL of the ready-to-use sterile suspension contains ceftiofur crystalline free acid equivalent to 200 mg ceftiofur, in a caprylic/capric triglyceride and cottonseed oil-based suspension .
CCFA is also indicated for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in horses caused by susceptible strains of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus, with a dosage of 3.0 mg/lb (6.6 mg/kg) administered as two intramuscular injections, 4 days apart . Therapeutic drug concentrations are maintained for 6 days after the second injection (or a total of 10 days from the beginning of treatment) against Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus
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