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Gynostema, also known as Jiaogulan, is a perennial creeping herb that belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is native to Asia and has been traditionally used for its various health benefits. The plant is particularly valued for its leaves, which are commonly used to make tea, and it has been given the nickname "Southern Ginseng" due to its similar chemical composition to ginsenosides found in Panax ginseng.
Gynostema pentaphyllum is recognized for its potential health benefits, which include aiding in weight loss, improving cardiovascular health, and demonstrating anticancer properties. The plant contains numerous bioactive compounds, such as dammarane-type saponins (gypenosides or gynosaponins), polysaccharides, flavonoids, and phytosterols. These compounds contribute to its wide range of medicinal values, including anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic, anti-dementia, and anti-Parkinson's disease activities, as well as lipid-regulating effects and neuroprotection.
The plant has a long history of traditional use in China, particularly as a tea for its pleasant taste and health benefits. Modern research has isolated and identified many bioactive compounds in G. pentaphyllum, which are responsible for its therapeutic effects. It has also been found to contain ginsenosides, which are similar to those found in ginseng, and these have been the subject of extensive research for their potential health benefits