| Customization: | Available |
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| CAS No.: | 7646-85- |
| Formula: | Cl2zn |
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Zinc chlorid is an inorganic compound, composed of zinc and chlorine. It is a white crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, and exhibits strong hygroscopicity (absorbs moisture from air). As a potent Lewis acid, it is widely used in industrial and chemical processes for its reactivity and versatility.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Formula: ZnCl2
Molar Mass: 136.315 g/mol
Appearance: White crystalline solid or colorless solution.
Melting Point: ~290°C
Boiling Point: ~732°C
Solubility: Extremely soluble in water (432 g/100 mL at 25°C), ethanol, and acetone.
Hygroscopicity: Forms concentrated aqueous solutions upon exposure to air.
Acidity: Strong Lewis acid, catalyzes acid-dependent reactions.
Synthesis and Production
Laboratory Preparation
Industrial Production:
Chlorination of zinc-containing materials (e.g., slag or ores).
Byproduct of zinc refining processes.
Applications
Metallurgy:
Flux: Removes oxides during soldering, welding, and galvanizing.
Electroplating: Key component in zinc electroplating baths.
Chemical Synthesis:
Catalyst: Facilitates Friedel-Crafts acylations, alkylations, and cyclization reactions.
Dehydrating Agent: Used in organic synthesis (e.g., forming acetals).
Textile and Wood Processing:
Fireproofing: Impregnates fabrics and wood to reduce flammability.
Mercerization: Enhances cotton fiber strength and luster.
Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care:
Antiseptic: Diluted solutions in mouthwashes and wound disinfectants.
Deodorant: Inhibits microbial growth in cosmetic products.
Miscellaneous Uses:
Smoke Grenades: Generates zinc oxide smoke for obscuration.
Batteries: Electrolyte in zinc-carbon batteries.
Petroleum Industry: Coagulant in oil refining.
Biological and Medical Relevance
Zinc as a Nutrient: Essential for immune function, enzyme activity, and DNA synthesis.
Topical Applications: Low concentrations (0.1-1%) in antiseptics; higher concentrations cause tissue damage.
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