| Customization: | Available |
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| Transport Package: | Drum |
| Specification: | 99% |
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Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal agent that is widely used for the prevention and treatment of various fungal infections. It is particularly effective against a broad spectrum of fungi, including Aspergillus and Candida species, as well as Blastomyces dermatitidis and Histoplasma capsulatum. The drug is available under brand names such as Sporanox and Tolsura, and it comes in both capsule and oral solution forms.
The primary mechanism of action of itraconazole involves the inhibition of the cytochrome P450 enzyme, specifically the 14α-demethylase, which is essential for the synthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membranes. By blocking this enzyme, itraconazole prevents the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, leading to an accumulation of 14-methylated sterols. This results in increased cell membrane permeability, altered membrane-bound enzyme activity, and disrupted chitin synthesis, ultimately leading to the death of the fungal cell.
Itraconazole is indicated for the treatment of conditions such as aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and onychomycosis. It is also used for oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis. The drug is well-absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations typically reached within two to five hours. Its absorption is maximized under adequate gastric acidity, and it exhibits non-linear pharmacokinetics, leading to accumulation in plasma during multiple dosing.
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